A real-time packet scheduling system for a 6LoWPAN industrial application

Nowadays, the industrial Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are crucial for the monitoring and control of the modern smart factory floor that is relying on them for critical applications and tasks that were performed by wired systems in the past. For this reason, it is required that the transmission mechanisms of wireless sensor networks are efficient and robust and that they guarantee realtime responses with low data losses. Furthermore, it is required that they utilize common networking standards, such as the Internet Protocol (IP), that provides interoperability with already existing infrastructures and offers widely tested security and transmission control protocols. The theoretical part of this document focuses on the description of the current panorama of the industrial WSN, its applications, design challenges and standardizations. It describes the 6LoWPAN standard and the wireless transmission technology that it uses for its lower layers, the IEEE 802.15.4 protocol. Later, it describes the principles behind the wireless scheduling, a state-of-the-art in the IEEE 802.15.4 scheduled channel access and the features of the most used operating systems for WSN. The practical part presents the real-time packet scheduling system for a 6LoWPAN industrial application proposed by this thesis work that adapts the HSDPA scheduling mechanisms to the IEEE 802.15.4 beacon-enabled mode. The system implemented manages the channel access by allocating Guaranteed Time Slots to sensor nodes according to the priority given by three scheduling algorithms that can be selected according to the traffic condition of the network. The system proposed was programmed using Contiki OS. It is based on the eSONIA 6LoWPAN firmware developed for the European Research Project and it was deployed on the FAST WSN for testing. The results, discussion and conclusions are documented at the final sections of this part

5to. Congreso Internacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación para la Sociedad. Memoria académica

El V Congreso Internacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación para la Sociedad, CITIS 2019, realizado del 6 al 8 de febrero de 2019 y organizado por la Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, ofreció a la comunidad académica nacional e internacional una plataforma de comunicación unificada, dirigida a cubrir los problemas teóricos y prácticos de mayor impacto en la sociedad moderna desde la ingeniería. En esta edición, dedicada a los 25 años de vida de la UPS, los ejes temáticos estuvieron relacionados con la aplicación de la ciencia, el desarrollo tecnológico y la innovación en cinco pilares fundamentales de nuestra sociedad: la industria, la movilidad, la sostenibilidad ambiental, la información y las telecomunicaciones. El comité científico estuvo conformado formado por 48 investigadores procedentes de diez países: España, Reino Unido, Italia, Bélgica, México, Venezuela, Colombia, Brasil, Estados Unidos y Ecuador. Fueron recibidas un centenar de contribuciones, de las cuales 39 fueron aprobadas en forma de ponencias y 15 en formato poster. Estas contribuciones fueron presentadas de forma oral ante toda la comunidad académica que se dio cita en el Congreso, quienes desde el aula magna, el auditorio y la sala de usos múltiples de la Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, cumplieron respetuosamente la responsabilidad de representar a toda la sociedad en la revisión, aceptación y validación del conocimiento nuevo que fue presentado en cada exposición por los investigadores. Paralelo a las sesiones técnicas, el Congreso contó con espacios de presentación de posters científicos y cinco workshops en temáticas de vanguardia que cautivaron la atención de nuestros docentes y estudiantes. También en el marco del evento se impartieron un total de ocho conferencias magistrales en temas tan actuales como la gestión del conocimiento en la universidad-ecosistema, los retos y oportunidades de la industria 4.0, los avances de la investigación básica y aplicada en mecatrónica para el estudio de robots de nueva generación, la optimización en ingeniería con técnicas multi-objetivo, el desarrollo de las redes avanzadas en Latinoamérica y los mundos, la contaminación del aire debido al tránsito vehicular, el radón y los riesgos que representa este gas radiactivo para la salud humana, entre otros

Retos actuales de la farmacia

Retos actuales de la farmacia es un proyecto que está coordinado por Leobargo Manuel Gómez Oliván y un equipo de investigadores que forman parte del claustro de la Facultad de Química en el área de posgrado, ellos han incentivado el espíritu investigador y científico de los estudiantes adscritos al programa para adentrarse en el ámbito farmacéutico. Los capítulos que conforman esta edición son el reflejo de la actividad académica desarrollada en este posgrado en las diferentes áreas de acentuación que lo conforman: farmacia molecular, farmacia social y tecnología farmacéutica

Mis casos clínicos de especialidades odontológicas

Libro que muestra la atención de casos clínicos particulares referente a las diferentes especialidades odontológicasLibro que muestra la atención de casos clínicos particulares referente a las diferentes especialidades odontológicasUniversidad Autónoma de Campeche Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Méxic

Simulation-based Digital Twins of Industrial Process Plants: A Semi-Automatic Implementation Approach

Dynamic simulation has been used in the process industry during decades for several important applications over the process plant lifecycle. Recent trends on plant digitalization have resulted on the development of Simulation-based Digital Twins (SBDT) of process plants. In a SBDT, a dynamic first-principles simulation model is used to capture the process plant dynamics. In this application, the first-principles model (FPM) of the plant is run in parallel with the process while dynamic model parameter estimation methods adjust the model results by comparing process measurements with model results to continuously drive the simulated state to the current plant state. As a result, the underlying FPM of the SBDT is continuously synchronized with the operational plant. SBDTs can provide non-measured information of the process and they can be used to obtain high-fidelity predictions that are based on the current state of the process. They can also be utilized to develop operator training simulators, trouble-shooting and fault diagnoses systems. Furthermore, they can be applied for offline and online optimization of the plant. SBDTs are a holistic application for operation support of process plants. However, development of their underlying FPM remains laborious and expensive. Although re-utilization of existing models, developed for plant engineering, could reduce implementation effort and time of SBDTs, these models are still created manually. Moreover, integration of SBDTs with the ICT architecture of the plant could leverage on existing industrial operability standard to seamlessly interface different simulation methods and other SBDT system components with the plant. In this thesis, these implementation shortcomings are tackled by utilizing a combination of implementation methods proposed in this work. First, laborious FPMs development is addressed by applying an AMG method based on deriving 3D plant model information for automatically generating the FPM of the SBDT. Furthermore, laborious integration between the simulation system and the process plant is addressed by utilizing a method for implementing a lifecycle-wide tracking simulation architecture.The main results of the thesis show that the model generated using the proposed AMG approach can be successfully applied for implementing SBDTs after its integration into the physical plant. Furthermore, the proposed simulation architecture leverages on the application of industrial interoperability standards for reducing the effort required for configuring the communication between different architecture components and for enabling systematic information exchange between the architecture components and methods

A real-time packet scheduling system for a 6LoWPAN industrial application

Nowadays, the industrial Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are crucial for the monitoring and control of the modern smart factory floor that is relying on them for critical applications and tasks that were performed by wired systems in the past. For this reason, it is required that the transmission mechanisms of wireless sensor networks are efficient and robust and that they guarantee realtime responses with low data losses. Furthermore, it is required that they utilize common networking standards, such as the Internet Protocol (IP), that provides interoperability with already existing infrastructures and offers widely tested security and transmission control protocols. The theoretical part of this document focuses on the description of the current panorama of the industrial WSN, its applications, design challenges and standardizations. It describes the 6LoWPAN standard and the wireless transmission technology that it uses for its lower layers, the IEEE 802.15.4 protocol. Later, it describes the principles behind the wireless scheduling, a state-of-the-art in the IEEE 802.15.4 scheduled channel access and the features of the most used operating systems for WSN. The practical part presents the real-time packet scheduling system for a 6LoWPAN industrial application proposed by this thesis work that adapts the HSDPA scheduling mechanisms to the IEEE 802.15.4 beacon-enabled mode. The system implemented manages the channel access by allocating Guaranteed Time Slots to sensor nodes according to the priority given by three scheduling algorithms that can be selected according to the traffic condition of the network. The system proposed was programmed using Contiki OS. It is based on the eSONIA 6LoWPAN firmware developed for the European Research Project and it was deployed on the FAST WSN for testing. The results, discussion and conclusions are documented at the final sections of this part

Sistema para electrodepósito químico de metales basado en un circuito potenciostato programable

Sistema para electrodepósito químico de metales basado en un circuito potenciostato programabl

Automatic Generation of a Simulation-based Digital Twin of an Industrial Process Plant

A Digital Twin (DT) of a production plant is a digital replica of the plant’s physical assets which contains the structure and the dynamics of how the devices and process operate. Simulation-based DTs (SBDTs) are those based on online first principle simulation models. In these systems, model parameter estimation techniques keep an online plant simulator in the same state as the targeted device or process. As a result, non-measured information of the current state of the plant can be obtained from the model. SBDTs can be used for a number of important applications and they have various advantages compared to DTs based on data-driven models. However, wider industrial adoption of SBDTs is hindered by laborious development of their underlying first principle simulation model as well as by a lack of integrated lifecycle-wide implementation methods and simulation architectures. This paper focuses on applying previously presented methods for reducing implementation effort of SBDTs. Firstly, laborious simulation model development is tackled by applying an automatic model generation method. Secondly, an integrated implementation methodology of a lifecycle-wide online simulation architecture is followed for developing the SBDT. The results show a higher level of fidelity compares to previous publications. A SBDT of a laboratory-scale process is implemented to demonstrate the proposed method.Peer reviewe

Towards a systematic path for dynamic simulation to plant operation: OPC UA-enabled model adaptation method for tracking simulation

A tracking simulator is an online simulation system that utilizes dynamic parameter estimation for calibrating model parameters to achieve state synchronization with the process. It can be utilized as a plant-wide virtual sensors or as a predictive tool to provide production forecasts based on the current state of the plant. The appearance of industrial applications based on tracking simulators has been hindered by high development cost and time-consuming sustainability of simulation models. In order to overcome this, dynamic simulation models developed during the process design and engineering stages could be used for implementing industrial tracking simulators. However, before these models can be utilized online, they require going through a model adaptation procedure where their structure and parameters are updated. This paper presents a model adaptation method for the implementation of tracking simulators which utilizes OPC Unified Architecture to adapt simulation models developed during the engineering phases of the process plant and apply them at the operation and maintenance stages. In this work, the method is described, implemented and tested using a representative process.Peer reviewe

Automatic Generation of a High-Fidelity Dynamic Thermal-hydraulic Process Simulation Model from a 3D Plant Model

Dynamic thermal-hydraulic simulation models have been extensively used by process industry for decision support in sectors such as power generation, mineral processing, pulp and paper, and oil and gas. Ever-growing competitiveness in the process industry forces experts to rely even more on dynamic simulation results to take decisions across the process plant lifecycle. However, time-consuming development of simulation models increases model generation costs, limiting their use in a wider number of applications. Detailed 3D plant models, developed during early plant engineering for process design, could potentially be used as a source of information to enable rapid development of high-fidelity simulation models. This paper presents a method for automatic generation of a thermal-hydraulic process simulation model from a 3D plant model. Process structure, dimensioning and component connection information included in the 3D plant model is extracted from the machine-readable export of the 3D design tool and used to automatically generate and configure a dynamic thermal-hydraulic simulation model. In particular, information about the piping dimensions and elevations is retrieved from the 3D plant model and used to calculate head loss coefficients of the pipelines and to configure the piping network model. This step, not considered in previous studies, is crucial for obtaining high-fidelity industrial process models. The proposed method is tested using a laboratory process and the results of the automatically generated model are compared with experimental data from the physical system as well as with a simulation model developed using design data utilized by existing methods on the state-of-the-art. Results show that the proposed method is able to generate high-fidelity models which are able to accurately predict the targeted system, even during operational transients.Peer reviewe